????? ?? ????? ?????????

?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????.

?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? “??????? ??????” ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????.

• ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????

• ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????

• ?????? ?????? ???? “???????” ??? “?????”? ?”????”? ?”???”

• ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????

• ????? ???? ?????? ?? “???????” ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????

???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????/ ???? ???? ???????/ ????? ???????. ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? 1962?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? 500 ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????.. ???? ??????:

??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????.. ??? ??? ??? ?????????

??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? “??????? ????? ?????” ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????: “?????? ?????? ??????”? ?”?????? ??? ????”? ?”??????? ?????? ?????? ??????”? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????.??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???: “??????? ?????”? ?”????? ?? ?????? ?????”. ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? “???? ????? ????????” ???? ???? ????? ??? “????? ??????”? ?????? ??? ?. “????? ?????” ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? (????? ????????). ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? “???? ??????” ??????? “???? ??? ?????? ????”? ?? ???? ??????? ?. “????? ??????” ?????? ?????: “?????? ?? ???? ????”? ?????? ????.

??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????

????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????: ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ???? “?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????” ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????: (??? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????) (2012?)? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? (?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????????) ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????. ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? (??????) ?? ???? ????? ???? ????.

??????.. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????: (?????? ??? ????? ??????) ?? ???? ???? ??? 100 ??? ???? ?? ?????? “?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????” ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????.

??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????????

???? ??? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? “?????” ????? “??????? ??????”. ????????: ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????: ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??. ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???: ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????. ????? ?????? ??????: ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????.

???????? ?????? ??: ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???. ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????.

??? ????? ??? ??? “??? ???? ???????”? ?????: “???? ?????” ??? ?? ???? (??????? ????? ????)? ?”???? ???????” ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????: ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????. ???? ???? “????” ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????..???.

???? ?????? ??? ???????/ ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????..???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????????..??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????.

??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????. ??? ?????? ????? “???? ????”: ????? ????? ??? ????????- ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????- ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????.

???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???- ??? ???? ?????? ??????- ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????..???. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????: ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????- ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????..???. ??? ???? ???? “?????” ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? 865 ???. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??”???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???”.

??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????.. ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? “?????? ???????”? ???? ?????? ??” ???? ???? ????? ???????” ?? ?????? (?????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????) ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????:”??????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????” (????: 53). ??? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ?? ????!

??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????. ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? (??? ???????? ??????‏? ??????? ??????‏?‏ ???????? ????????‏?‏ ???????? ????????‏?‏ ???????? ????????? ???????‏?‏ ???????? ???????? ???????‏?‏ ??????? ??????‏?‏ ?????? ??? ???????‏?‏ ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????‏?‏ ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????..???)‏ ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????.

??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????: ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????….???. ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????. ???? ???? ???? ???????: “??????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????????” (?????: 88).

????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???: ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.. ???. ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????.

???? ???? ??????.. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? “???? ????????? ???????”: “???????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????” (???? ????????? ?????: 47). ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????: “??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????” (????: 64).???? ????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????: “???????????? ????? ?????????” (????????: 7)? “??? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???????” (???????: 75? 76). ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????: “???????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????????” (?????: 16).

???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? “?????” ????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???: “?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????????” (?????:9).

??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????????

???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????: ?? ????? ???????? (???? ?? ?? ??????) ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? (???????/ ?????/ ??????/ ??????? ???????/ ???? ?????? ??????????)? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????. ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????.. ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????.. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????: ?????? ???????.

???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????: “??? ? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????” (???: 1).

?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????

??? “?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????” ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???- ????? ????? ?????? ???????‏?‏ ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????‏?‏ ???????? ?????????‏ ?????? ??????? ???????‏?‏ ???????? ???????? ????????- ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????‏.‏ ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????‏.‏ ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? “??????? ?? ????? ??????”‏? ???? ?????? ???? ????‏? ??? ????‏?‏ ???? ???????‏?‏ ???? ?? ???????? ????????‏?‏ ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????‏.‏ ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????‏? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????‏.‏

???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? (???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????/ ??????? ??????? ????????) ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????. ???? ???? ????? ????????? (??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????)? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ???????.

??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????.. ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????

???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? “?????” ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????.. ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????.

?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ???. ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? (167) ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????.

?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????????

????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? (????? ???????) ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ???????- ??? ????? ???? ???? (????) ??????? ??????- ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????. ??? ??????? ?? ?????- ?????? ??? ???????- ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? “????????”.

?? ????? ??? ??????: ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? “????? ?????” (19 ????? 1920- 17 ?????? 1998)? ????: “??????? ???????? ???????.. ?????? ??????”? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????- ??? ??????? ??????????- ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? “??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????” ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????. ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????! ???? ??? ??????: ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????! ?????? ?????? ??????: (??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ????????????) (????:92). ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.

????? ???????? ????????? ???????? “????? ????“? ??? ?? (30 ????? 1954) ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? “??? ????????”? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? (???? ??? ?? ?????)? ??? ?????? ??? 1980? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????: (?????? ?? ??? ???????)? ?(??? ???????? ????: ???? ??????? ??? ??????).

??? ?????????? “??? ???” (5 ?????? 1925- 25 ?????? 2019) ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????/ ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????: (???????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? * ????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? * ????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????) [????????: 12-14] ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????.

????? “??????? ?????????” ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????.. ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????

???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? (??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????/ ??????? ??????? ????????). ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? “???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????”? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?????.

????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????: “??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????” ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????‏ (‏?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????‏).‏ ?????? “??? ???? ????‏” (‏?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????‏)‏ ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ‏(?????‏)‏ ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???‏… ?????? ??? ????‏ “??? ??????? ??? ???? ???????” ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?. ????? ??????‏.

??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? “?????? ?????” ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? “???????” ?? ????? ???????

???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????????.. ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????????

?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? “????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????”. ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????.

????? ??? ????