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??? ???? ????? ??????: “??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???” (???? ????: ????? 27)

???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????: ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? “??? ???”. ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? “???? ????? ???????”. ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? “?????? ???”.

???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? “???” ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? (???????)? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? “???” ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????: ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????… ???.

??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??”??? ????? ???????”? ????? ????????? ???????  ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????.

????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? “???” ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? “???”? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? 90% ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? (??: ????) ?? ?????? ????..

????? ?????? ??????

????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? (????????)? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????:

???? ????? ?????? (??? ?? ????? ??????) ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???. ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? “????? ?????? ????????” (Crystal field theory).

???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? (??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????)? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? (???????)? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? (Weathering) ?????? ??????? (Sedimentation)? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? (Gossans) ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????.

??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? (?????????? ?????) ??????? ???????.

???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? (??? ?? ????? ??????) ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? (??? ?????????? ?????????)? ?????? ??????? ????? (colloidal sediments)  ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????  ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????: ????? ?????? ???????..

???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? –??? ?? ?????? ???????- ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? (???????) ?? ?????? ??????? (hydrothermal solutions) ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????.

???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (Metamorphic processes)? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ????????: ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????. ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????.

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